Cardiovascular And Pulmonary Physical Therapy Second Edition An EvidenceBased Approach Download

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Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy reflects the broadest possible spectrum of cardiovascular and pulmonary practice and draws upon the expertise of more than two dozen internationally recognized contributors. The second edition has been updated to cover the sweeping changes that have occurred in both the practice of physical therapy and the education of physical therapy students. These changes include health care cost containment, the introduction of the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, and the utilization of the disablement model.

Healthy People materials are in the public domain and posted on their extensive Web site ( ) to encourage groups to integrate their objectives into health care programming. Cardiovascular and pulmonary therapists should review the objectives that pertain to their patient populations, and incorporate them into daily practice where appropriate (Box 23-1). For example, to apply Healthy People leading indicators to physical activity and obesity, therapists might conduct screenings of body mass or monitor heart rate and blood pressure before and after exercise. Therapists may find that they already inadvertently participate in Healthy People through data collection projects such as the Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS). Healthy People is an excellent example of a far-reaching public health policy that sets the standard for health care in the future. As health care practitioners, we should join in this national effort to prevent cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders and promote wellness of our communities.8,42

In the future, the health club or fitness center may be more frequently utilized as the site for primary prevention programs for families. In this setting the cardiovascular and pulmonary therapist would promote healthy exercise programs not only for adults but also for their children. Inactive lifestyles, an indicator that is currently tracked by Healthy People 2010, can put children at risk for cardiopulmonary disease later in life. Who would better serve the community than the physical therapist to establish movement and activity programs for people of all ages?64

A number of physical therapists have identified the area of occupational health as a practice setting of great potential.65 They see this as an opportunity to provide on-site immediate care for disorders such as repetitive strain and acute injuries. Occupational health physical therapy can also play a role in employee asthma management, wellness and prevention education, preemployment screening, and on-site cardiac monitoring. As more studies document the effectiveness of moderate activity in the reduction of heart disease, the corporate world must be educated on the cost-effectiveness of programs like cardiac rehabilitation. Physical therapists may also play a larger role in primary prevention of cardiopulmonary disorders through promotion of employee wellness programs. Experience shows that penetration into the field of occupational health in corporations requires high-quality, comprehensive services that are marketed effectively. This relatively new practice environment offers exciting challenges for cardiopulmonary physical therapy!64,65

Step into the future, if you will, to the year 2030. We observe a physical therapist trained at the DPT level working in a facility that specializes in management of chronic cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders. Although most of the patients are 65 years and older, there is a fairly large contingency of children and adolescents with asthma. Women comprise 60% of the older population, and the ethnic composition of the clinic is multicultural, with high proportions of white, Hispanic, African American, and Asian clients. Coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are still major health problems for those seen in the facility, but they are being diagnosed and treated in different ways. Genetic testing is used routinely to determine who is predisposed to cardiopulmonary disorders. Nanotechnology has been incorporated into sophisticated diagnostic equipment to allow better visualization of internal human anatomy. New vaccines and gene therapy have been developed to ward off the onset of chronic disorders. Cardiac open-heart surgery, once performed routinely, is now done only rarely.

As a student entering the world of physical therapy today, it is essential to stay current with the changing face of American health care. Students should read from a broad spectrum of resources not only health-related journals but also current affairs, scientific research, and health policy. They should approach the workplace in a creative, imaginative way, perhaps pushing the field of physical therapy to places it has not been before. They should embrace technological advances that may allow one to practice without ever writing a note, or may allow monitoring of a patient in the next town, instead of in the next room. Students should use their knowledge of scientific research to expand the application of physical therapy practice into areas such as stem cell transplants and gene therapy. With a flexible, creative mind, the future practice of cardiopulmonary physical therapy will be rewarding indeed!

The main components of physical aptitude include body composition, cardio-respiratory aptitude, muscle strength and flexibility[5]. All of them are directly compromised by bed restriction. The human body works like a fine-tuned gear system involving the respiratory, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems[6]. The first is responsible for capturing atmospheric oxygen and distributing it into the blood stream through diffusion. The second is responsible for the systemic distribution of oxygenated blood which depends on the pumping function of the left heart. The third system (musculoskeletal) is responsible for capturing and extracting molecular oxygen from the blood stream and transforming it into energy through intracellular biochemical reactions, in order to generate movement[7].

The new, 26th edition NPTE Review & Study Guide for 2023 is now available and contains comprehensive physical therapy content review, an advanced design for better comprehension and improved studying, three complete online practice exams with 600 rigorous questions, and insightful Score Reports to guide your study plan. The current Content Outline focuses on the major systems and our authors, instructors, and items writers have created new questions, content, and teaching strategies to help candidates pass the exam. 2b1af7f3a8